13 Fév republic of moldova
The Moldovan Intelligence and Security Service has estimated that 600,000 to one million Moldovan citizens (almost 25% of the population) are working abroad. 21 November] 1917. The Republic of Moldova is a priority partner country within the Eastern Partnership, the eastern dimension within the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). The sole international air gateway of Moldova is the Chișinău International Airport. [21] After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the country began to use the Romanian name, Moldova. Over the 19th century, the Russian authorities encouraged the colonization of Bessarabia by Romanians, Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, Bulgarians, Poles, and Gagauzes, primarily in the northern and southern areas vacated by Turks and Nogai Tatar, the latter having been expelled in the 1770s and 1780s, during Russo-Turkish Wars;[38][39][40][41] the inclusion of the province in the Pale of Settlement also allowed the immigration of more Jews. Moldova has 66 cities (towns), including 13 with municipality status, and 916 communes. Officially, the name Republic of Moldova is designated by the United Nations. Following the regional financial crisis in 1998, Moldova has made significant progress towards achieving and retaining macroeconomic and financial stabilization. [170], In 2013, the Constitutional Court of Moldova ruled that the name "Romanian", as used in the Declaration of Independence to identify the official language, prevails over the name "Moldovan", given in Article 13 of the Constitution.[171]. It had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 2.2/10, ranking it 158th globally out of 172 countries. As part of the IMF’s Data for Decisions (D4D) Trust Fund Project, a technical assistance (TA) mission was conducted by John Joisce and Dario Florey, IMF Experts, during September 23–October 4, 2019, to help the authorities of the Republic of Moldova in developing sectoral financial accounts and financial balance sheet statistics (FABS). Due to a decrease in industrial and agricultural output following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the service sector has grown to dominate Moldova's economy and is over 60% of the nation's GDP. With the nationalist Popular Front now in a parliamentary minority, new measures aiming to moderate the ethnic tensions in the country could be adopted. [146], The country has a well-established wine industry. UE susține întreprinderile mici și mijlocii (IMM) din Republica Moldova prin intermediul inițiativei EU4Business. In November 2014, Moldova's central bank took control of Banca de Economii, the country's largest lender, and two smaller institutions, Banca Sociala and Unibank. (1) din Constituție în corelație cu Preambulul Constituției și Declarația de Independență a Republicii Moldova (Sesizările nr. [18] Although Moldova has a relatively high Human Development Index, it is the lowest in the continent, ranking 90th in the world. [179], The CIA World Factbook lists widespread crime and underground economic activity among major issues in Moldova. It is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. Rugby union is popular as well. According to Moldovan constitutional law, the president may call snap elections if no government is formed after 3 months. In accordance with the Treaty of Bucharest of 1812, and despite numerous protests by Moldavian nobles on behalf of the sovereignty of their principality, the Ottoman Empire (of which Moldavia was a vassal) ceded to the Russian Empire the eastern half of the territory of the Principality of Moldavia along with Khotyn and old Bessarabia (modern Budjak), which Russia had already conquered and annexed. In the south, the country has a small flatland, the Bugeac Plain. While most of today's Moldova came into the Ottoman orbit in the 16th century, a substantial part of Transnistria remained a part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth until the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. Resisting pre-election pressures for selective spending increases and returning to the path of fiscal consolidation would reduce reliance on exceptionally-high donor support. [65] After the failure of the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, Moldova declared its independence on 27 August 1991. [62] In the 1970s and 1980s, the Moldavian SSR received substantial allocations from the budget of the USSR to develop industrial and scientific facilities and housing. Investigations into activities at these three banks uncovered large-scale fraud by means of fraudulent loans to business entities controlled by a Moldovan-Israeli business oligarch, Ilan Shor, of funds worth about 1 billion U.S. The last Article IV Executive Board Consultation was on March 11, 2020. Community See All. The 1994 constitution also establishes an independent Constitutional Court, composed of six judges (two appointed by the President, two by Parliament, and two by the Supreme Council of Magistrature), serving six-year terms, during which they are irremovable and not subordinate to any power. Main risks to the near-term outlook relate to serious vulnerabilities and governance issues in the banking sector, policy slippages in the run up to the elections, intensification of geopolitical tensions in the region, and a further slowdown in activity in main trading partners. The Republic of Moldova’s intention to strengthen local self-government is supported by the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe through the implementation of the project “ Reinforcing the culture of dialogue and consultation of local authorities in the Republic of Moldova ”. There was an overall positive dynamism in relations between the EU and Republic of Moldova. Zamoyski reinstalled Ieremia Movilă to the throne, who put the country under the vassalage of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Moldova, Turkey interested in expanding bilateral relations. Official Soviet policy asserted that the language spoken by Moldovans was distinct from the Romanian language (see Moldovenism). In 2015 a new musical project by the name of Carla's Dreams has risen in popularity around Moldova. To distinguish the two, during the Soviet period, Moldovan was written in the Cyrillic alphabet, in contrast with Romanian, which since 1860 had been written in the Latin alphabet. In the field of pop music, Moldova has produced the band O-Zone, who came to prominence in 2003, with their hit song "Dragostea Din Tei", which topped multiple notable single charts. [126] Moldova is currently interested in expanding their wisent population, and began talks with Belarus in 2019 regarding a bison exchange program between the two countries. Moldova has accepted all relevant arms control obligations of the former Soviet Union. The song received a lot of airplay and reached number one place on the charts in Moldova as well as Russia. The total land area is 33,851 km2. On 27 August 1991, as the dissolution of the Soviet Union was underway, the Moldavian SSR declared independence and took the name Moldova. Moldova experienced better than expected economic growth in 2013 due to increased agriculture production, to economic policies adopted by the Moldovan government since 2009, and to the receipt of EU trade preferences connecting Moldovan products to the world's largest market. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. It is the second poorest country in Europe by GDP per capita. The Sfatul Țării proclaimed the Moldavian Democratic Republic (December 15 [O.S. In 2019, from 7 June to 15 June, the Moldovan government went through a period of dual power in what is known as the 2019 Moldovan constitutional crisis. [citation needed], Despite a sharp decline in poverty in recent years, Moldova remains one of the poorest countries in Europe and structural reforms are needed to promote sustainable growth. Population: 2.1: Population and the demographic structure", "Republic of Moldova 2014 - Census de facto complete tabulation", "Ethnic composition of Transnistria 2004", "Declarația de independența a Republicii Moldova, Moldova Suverană", "A Field Guide to the Main Languages of Europe – Spot that language and how to tell them apart", "Article 13, line 1 – of Constitution of Republic of Moldova", "Hotărâre Nr. [59] In 1944–53, there were several anti-Soviet resistance groups in Moldova; however the NKVD and later MGB managed to eventually arrest, execute or deport their members. Petru Aron's rule also signified the beginning of Moldavia's Ottoman Empire allegiance, as the ruler agreed to pay tribute to Sultan Mehmed II. Lilian Mindov, Land Relations and Cadaster Agency, Republic of Moldova PDF Delimitation of public patrimony Cristina Nicolaescu, State Enterprise "Institute of Design for Territory Organization" PDF Presentations - Day 2: Presentation of the Action Plan Elena Bejenaru, Ministry or Regional Development and Construction, Republic of Moldova PDF Moldova joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation's Partnership for Peace on 16 March 1994. Moldova received official recognition on 25 December. The new Russian province was called Oblast of Moldavia and Bessarabia, and initially enjoyed a large degree of autonomy. The culture has been also influenced by the Byzantine culture, the neighbouring Magyar and Slavic populations, and later by the Ottoman Turks. [188] There are about 264 physicians per 100,000 people. All independent organizations were severely reprimanded, with the National Patriotic Front leaders being sentenced in 1972 to long prison terms. One Has Finally Resigned", "Moldova's Constitutional Court overturns all of its decisions that led to political crisis in country in 5 mins", "Moldova calls national code red alert over coronavirus, bans flights", "Moldova declares state of emergency over coronavirus outbreak", "Moldova reports first death from coronavirus, health ministry says", "The Constitution of the Republic of Moldova, 2000", "DECIS: Şeful statului va fi ales de popor; Modificarea din 2000 a Constituţiei privind alegerea preşedintelui de Parlament, NECONSTITUŢIONALĂ", "Europe's poorest nation passes IMF-backed retirement age increase", "Moldova Calls on Russian Troops To Leave Transdniestr", "Shooting at Checkpoint Raises Tensions in a Disputed Region Claimed by Moldova", "EU to grant €90 million to crisis-hit Moldova", "Moldova to get $570 million in IMF loans", "Poland will support Moldova in its European integration efforts", "First meeting of Romania and Rep. of Moldova Governments, concluded with initialling of several bilateral agreements", "Joint meeting of the Government of Romania and Government of the Republic of Moldova", Moldova elects pro-European judge Timofti as president, ending 3 years of political deadlock, "Băsescu: Următorul proiect de țară al României, unirea cu Basarabia", "European Union – EEAS (European External Action Service) – EU forges closer ties with Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova", "European Commission – PRESS RELEASES – Press release – Remarks by President Barroso at the signing of the Association Agreements with Georgia, the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine", "Moldova's military agreements to help strengthen regional security", "2014 – Embassy of the United States Chișinău, Moldova", "Ilascu and Others vs. Moldova and Russia", "Moldova 2011 Crime and Safety Report – Bureau of Diplomatic Security", "Moldova: UN human rights expert calls for more fostering of religious diversity", "Law on Preventing and Combating Family Violence", Clasificatorul unităţilor administrativ-teritoriale (CUATM), "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "European Partnership Fair for Civil Society Organizations in Moldova, p.25", "O suhaku, który z suchych stepów przybył", "Belarus, Moldova discuss bison exchange program", "Moldova – GDP (purchasing power parity) – Historical Data Graphs per Year", "2014 Article IV consultation and first post-program monitoring discussions – Staff report; press release; and statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Moldova". Republic of Moldova // 47 States, one Europe The Republic of Moldova became the 36 th member State of the Council of Europe on 13 July 1995. [65][67] In 1989, as opposition to the Communist Party grew, there were major riots in November. Moldova has been participating in the Eurovision Song Contest since 2005. In the December 2016 presidential election, Socialist, pro-Russian Igor Dodon was elected as the new president of the republic. For the Soviet Republic, see, Romanian language (Moldovan) by district (2014), The Ottomans enter the struggle for control, Union with Romania and the return of the Russians, The Russian Revolution and Greater Romania, Reincorporation into Romania, the Holocaust, and the Soviet occupation. In November 2013, Moldova initialed an Association Agreement with the EU which includes provisions establishing a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA). Initially, all suspected cases are tested in order to classify and report them based on standard procedures. A deep crisis was to follow Alexandrel's long reign, with his successors battling each other in a succession of wars that divided the country until the murder of Bogdan II and the ascension of Peter III Aaron in 1451. The largest city in Moldova is Chișinău with a population of 635,994 people. His reign was one of the most successful in Moldavia's history. Moldova is a unitary parliamentary representative democratic republic. [83] This new government was also supported by Igor Dodon. The founding of the Principality of Moldavia began with the arrival of a Vlach voivode (military leader), Dragoș, soon followed by his people from Maramureș to the region of the Moldova River. With few natural energy resources, Moldova imports almost all of its energy supplies from Russia and Ukraine. Ties between Poland and Moldavia expanded after the founding of the Moldavian state by Bogdan of Cuhea, a Vlach voivode from Maramureș who had fallen out with the Hungarian king. Cum a evoluat economia Republicii Moldova în ultimii 20 de ani. See more of IPSC Republic of Moldova on Facebook. harvnb error: no target: CITEREFJackson2009 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFSălăgean2005 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFSpinei1986 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFVásáry2005 (, Cristina Petrescu, "Contrasting/Conflicting Identities:Bessarabians, Romanians, Moldovans" in, Andrew Higgins, "In Expanding Russian Influence, Faith Combines With Firepower,", compelled to cede Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Moldova, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova, Parliament failed to elect a new president, Commission for constitutional reform in Moldova, Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine, Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, UN Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Learn how and when to remove this template message, controversy over ethnic and linguistic identity in Moldova, Moldovan Intelligence and Security Service, "The text of the Declaration of Independence prevails over the text of the Constitution", "Moldova: Romanian Recognized as the Official Language", "Președintele CCM: Constituția nu conferă limbii ruse un statut deosebit de cel al altor limbi minoritare", "Chişinău, (21.01.2021) Judecătorii constituționali au decis că limba rusă nu va avea statutul de limbă de comunicare interetnică pe teritoriul Republicii Moldova", "Președintele CC Domnica Manole, explică de ce a fost anulată legea cu privire la statutul special pentru limbia rusă", https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD?locations=MD, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=MD, "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency", http://www.natura2000oltenita-chiciu.ro/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Moldova-Pitoreasca-Picturesque-Moldavia-pdf-Vladimir-Toncea.pdf, "The End of the Soviet Union; Text of Accords by Former Soviet Republics Setting Up a Commonwealth", "GEOARCHAEOLOGY OF THE EARLIEST PALEOLITHIC SITES (OLDOWAN) IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS AND THE EAST EUROPE", "Phase and chemical composition analysis of pigments used in Cucuteni Neolithic painted ceramics", "Cetatea Soroca a Moldovei (1499 – prezent)", Letopiseţul ţărâi Moldovei, de când s-au descălecat ţara, "Bessarabia, Chapter X: The Survival of Roumanian", "Bessarabia, Chapter VIII: Russia Organizes the Province". [120] Game animals, such as red deer, roe deer and wild boar can be found in these wooded areas. Crossing the Carpathian mountains in 1359, the voivode took control of Moldavia and succeeded in creating Moldavia as an independent political entity. Romanian forces, working with the Germans, deported or massacred about 300,000 Jews, including 147,000 from Bessarabia and Bukovina. On 21 December of the same year, Moldova, along with most of the other Soviet republics, signed the constitutive act that formed the post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Population 3.5 million . Life expectancy in the ex-Soviet country (which is among Europe's poorest) is 67.5 years for men and 75.5 years for women. Historian Strabo referred to the saigas as the kolos, describing it as "between the deer and ram in size" which (understandably but wrongly) was believed to drink through its nose. Popular alcoholic beverages are divin (Moldovan brandy), beer, and local wine. National Commission of the Republic of Moldova for UNESCO Str. [178] Almost all the population is literate: the literacy rate of the population aged 15 and over is estimated at 99.4% (as of 2015[update]). The implementation of structural reforms outlined in the National Development Strategy (NDS) Moldova 2020—especially in the business environment, physical infrastructure, and human resources development areas—would help boost potential growth and reduce poverty. Rather than forking over thousands of dollars to the “dating agencies”, just sign up for a month of Russian Cupid. It has a vineyard area of 147,000 hectares (360,000 acres), of which 102,500 ha (253,000 acres) are used for commercial production. Republic of Moldova MONEYVAL profile Democracy through Law. The country's main cities are the capital Chișinău, in the centre of the country, Tiraspol (in the eastern region of Transnistria), Bălți (in the north) and Bender (in the south-east). Many families have their own recipes and grape varieties that have been passed down through the generations. The earliest surviving deeds referring to lands beyond the Dniester river date from the 16th century. Although only 4.1% are ethnic Russians, Russian is still used as the main language by 14.5% of the total population. [19] The origin of the name of the river remains unclear. [102], Moldova has signed the Association Agreement with the European Union in Brussels on 27 June 2014. Republic of Moldova The European Union’s EU4Digital Initiative supports the digital reform agenda in the Republic of Moldova with a range of actions to promote key areas of the digital economy and society in line with EU norms and practices, in order to bring economic growth, generate more jobs, improve people’s lives and help businesses. In 1946, as a result of a severe drought and excessive delivery quota obligations and requisitions imposed by the Soviet government, the southwestern part of the USSR suffered from a major famine. ", "Moldova Faces Turmoil as Court Outlaws New Govt", "A Constitutional Crisis in Moldova Produces an Unexpected Alliance", "Moldova Had Two Governments. He has been fittingly dubbed "Epic Sax Guy". The economy subsequently declined from 1991 to 1999. Three months later, on 2 March 1992, the country gained formal recognition as an independent state at the United Nations. The Moldavian Democratic Republic (Romanian: Republica Democratică Moldovenească), also known as the Moldavian Republic, was a state proclaimed on December 15 [O.S. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, a Bessarabian parliament, Sfatul Țării (a National Council), was elected in October–November 1917 and opened on December 3 [O.S. [1], The 1991 Declaration of Independence names the official language Romanian. After the Romanian army occupied the region in early January at the request of the National Council, Bessarabia proclaimed independence from Russia on February 6 [O.S. The theme of the musical group is "Anonymous" as they perform with painted faces, hoodies and sunglasses. Brazil. Partnership countries and the EU commit to deepening their ties, including through free trade agreements, eventual visa … Canada. [111] Moldova improved its legislation by enacting the Law on Preventing and Combating Family Violence, in 2008.[112]. [113] The final status of Transnistria is disputed, as the central government does not control that territory. Republic of Moldova The MigApp is IOM’s institutional tool that leverages current technology and the widespread use of mobile telecommunications to bring a secure, objective and user-friendly downloadable app which serves as a one-stop-shop platform where migrants can access current, reliable and practical information and IOM services. In a country with a population of 3.5 million, of which 1 million are abroad, there are more than 700,000 pensioners. The cave was founded in 1959. Comrat is the administrative centre of Gagauzia. The Giurgiulești terminal on the Danube is compatible with small seagoing vessels. Shipping on the lower Prut and Nistru rivers plays only a modest role in the country's transportation system. The Soviet government conducted a campaign to promote a Moldovan ethnic identity distinct from that of the Romanians, based on a theory developed during the existence of the Moldavian ASSR. [59], In the postwar period, the Soviet government organized the immigration of working age Russian speakers (mostly Russians, Belarusians, and Ukrainians), into the new Soviet republic, especially into urbanized areas, partly to compensate for the demographic loss caused by the war and the emigration of 1940 and 1944. Apr Jul Oct Jan. 3,462 Deaths. Independence subsequently finalized with the, This page was last edited on 4 February 2021, at 00:48. The decision was disputed by Soviet Russia, which in 1924 established, within the Ukrainian SSR, a Moldavian autonomous republic (MASSR) on partially Moldovan-inhabited territories to the east of Bessarabia. According to IMF World Economic Outlook April 2014, the Moldovan GDP (PPP) per capita is 3,927 International Dollars,[144][145] excluding grey economy and tax evasion. [36] Many Moldovans were members of Cossacks units as well, with two of them, Ioan Potcoavă and Dănilă Apostol becoming hetmans of Ukraine. ", "Legea cu privire la secţiile pentru reforma agrară în cadrul organelor de autoadministrare locală ale Republicii Moldova Nr.129 din 02.03.92, Monitorul Oficial nr.3/80, 1992", R. Moldova are deja peste două milioane de utilizatori ai serviciilor de telefonie mobilă, "Orange launches HD mobile phone service", "the Government approved the licensing of 4G / LTE for mobile operators", Strengthening Social Cohesion and a Common Identity in the Republic of Moldova, "Statistical Yearbook of Moldova 2017: Results of the 2004 Population Census: 2. On 30 October 1992, Moldova ratified the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which establishes comprehensive limits on key categories of conventional military equipment and provides for the destruction of weapons in excess of those limits. NORD-7℃-3℃ CENTER-5℃-4℃ SOUTH 4℃ 2℃ News . For land crossings, in coordination with Ukrainian and Romanian counterparts, 17 out of 81 … [16] Human trafficking of Moldovan women and children to other parts of Europe is a serious problem. [198] The most prestigious cycling race is the Moldova President's Cup, which was first run in 2004. The government approved today, on October 23rd, the methodology for conferring and confirming scientific titles in the Republic of Moldova. The signing comes after the accord has been initialed in Vilnius in November 2013. On 23 June 1990, the Parliament adopted the Declaration of Sovereignty of the "Soviet Socialist Republic Moldova", which, among other things, stipulated the supremacy of Moldovan laws over those of the Soviet Union. The agreement is part of Moldova's strategy to reform its military and cooperate with its neighbours. [94] The money was to supplement US$570 million in International Monetary Fund loans,[95] World Bank and other bilateral support already granted to Moldova. The Moldovan armed forces consists of the Ground Forces and Air Force. Besides the focus on fulfilling the commitments under the Association Agreement with the … [86] On 17 March, Parliament declared a state of emergency for at least 60 days, suspended all international flights and closed borders with neighbours Romania and the Ukraine. In the 19th century, Moldavians from the territories of the medieval Principality of Moldavia, divided into Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Western Moldavia (after 1859, Romania), made a significant contribution to the formation of the modern Romanian culture. [60][61] In 1946–1947, at least 216,000 deaths and about 350,000 cases of dystrophy were accounted by historians in the Moldavian SSR alone. Through cable, Moldovan viewers can receive a large number of Russian channels, a few Romanian channels, and several Russian language versions of international channels in addition to several local channels. [35] Moldavian chronicle Grigore Ureche which mentions that in 1584, some Moldavian villages from beyond the Dniester in the Kingdom of Poland were attacked and plundered by Cossacks. Athletes from Moldova have won European medals in Athletics, Biathlon, Football and Gymnastics, World medals in Archery, Judo, Swimming and Taekwondo, as well as Olympic medals in Boxing, Canoeing, Shooting, Weightlifting and Wrestling. The urbanization rate was 45% of the total population living in urban areas (as of 2015[update]). Although Alexander I was brought to the throne in 1400 by the Hungarians (with assistance from Mircea I of Wallachia), this ruler shifted his allegiances towards Poland (notably engaging Moldavian forces on the Polish side in the Battle of Grunwald and the Siege of Marienburg), and placed his own choice of rulers in Wallachia. [127], After the breakup from the USSR in 1991, energy shortages, political uncertainty, trade obstacles and weak administrative capacity contributed to the decline of economy. For a short time in the 1990s, at the founding of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the name of the current Republic of Moldova was also spelled Moldava. The people of this civilization, which lasted roughly from 5500 to 2750 BC, practised agriculture, raised livestock, hunted, and made intricately-designed pottery.[23]. [140] Moldova has also achieved a Free Visa Regime[141] with the EU which represents the biggest achievement of Moldovan diplomacy since independence. Economic activity grew cumulatively by about 24 percent; consumer price inflation was brought under control; and real wages increased cumulatively by about 13 percent. In August 2009, four Moldovan parties (Liberal Democratic Party, Liberal Party, Democratic Party, and Our Moldova Alliance) agreed to create the Alliance For European Integration that pushed the Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova into opposition.
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